The only way to distinguish the private records versus shared records is to tap the detail and view the role in the participants list. But how does all of this work? In Record Zone Sharing, shared CKRecords are contained inside a shared CKRecordZone. Build and run again. Each of these participants will be able to access and operate on the objects I share with them. Get the most out of CloudKit Sharing Discover how apps can use CloudKit to share records with others. For SQLite-backed stores, Core Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage. and some of the permissions on the shared album. Apple has been adding data sharing into many of its first-party apps, including: Files Reminders Notes Calendar Photos Activities Find My Maps Music Health We call them the owner and the participants. Checks whether the object is shared. I am not going to get very fancy in my example; I am using the modified field to declare that the most recent update wins. How might we build an experience like this? Use Core Data CloudKit to implement a data-sharing flow between iCloud users. Generally speaking, youll be working with an NSManagedObject from your view. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand, how the concepts of owners and participants apply, Let's imagine I have a collection of people. This new checkbox tells NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, should be stored in the encryptedValues payload. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer automatically syncs. directly to specific call sites in my application. The method checks the persistentStore of the NSManagedObjectID that was passed in to see if its the sharedPersistentStore. a specific method for each customization I needed. These silent pushes happen entirely without user visibility or interaction, and as a result, dont require the user to enable push notification for your app, saving you many potential user-experience headaches as an app developer. The first iteration of Core Data in iCloud on iOS worked on top of document storage and employed the same iCloud APIs. In the iCloud section, tap the + button underneath Containers to add a custom container. about the CKShare a specific post resides in. The first is the notion of a set of actors. but the resulting confidence and reliability are well worth it. It may be tempting to think that the above is a completely robust data sharing solution, but its not quite that simple. This means not only the owner but also the second user can modify the data shared with them. for you to build tests in your own applications. What capacitance values do you recommend for decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits? It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. Youll use the default share when you present the CloudSharingView. It might make more sense for CKAsset, but for now Apple hasn't added the capability. First off, you need to make sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord. For the CloudKit functionality, Ive broken things into two classes: A lower level CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton and a higher level CloudKitNote class. Please enable JavaScript to enjoy the best experience. With this code in place, navigate back to DestinationDetailView.swift to present CloudSharingView. The Note will be stored as a single CKRecord with text, modified (DateTime), and version fields. If its not shared, create the share from the destination object. Tapping that brings up the set of participants. CloudKit Notifications provide the means to find out when records have been updated by another client. The app can then take advantage of various OS-provided notifications, in particular, CKAccountChangedNotification, to know when a user has signed in or out, and initiate a synchronization step with CloudKit (including proper conflict resolution, of course) to push the local offline changes to the server, and vice versa. Sets the title of the share, using the caption of the. Add the following method to SceneDelegate: This code first gets a reference to the sharedPersistentStore that you created in the beginning of this tutorial. Select Private Database. Look for the ToolBarItem that contains the Text("Edit") button. I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, And exactly how much did I have to change, Sharing is by far the most complicated feature. The convenience API is much more accessible, while the operation approach can be a bit intimidating. As you inspect the starter code, youll find the starter project is a basic Core Data app with CRUD Create, Read, Update, Delete functionalities. Youll build this action in this tutorial. However, you can get more functionality if you use a custom zone, most notably, support for fetching incremental record changes. Within this container, youre going to use the private database (because you want the users note to be seen only by that user) and within the private database, youre going to use a custom record zone, which enables notification of specific record changes. Is something like this (or even better) available with the new CloudKit? The CKFetchRecordsOperation operates on one or more records at a time. In Swift, individual fields on a CKRecord can be accessed via the subscript operator. The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. With NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, applications can operate on shared objects from any Apple device. Click Add Basic Index. For example, this user may have a private zone and a shared zone that they own in their .private database. my application can access data in both stores. Sharing CloudKit Data with Other iCloud Users Create and share private CloudKit data with other users by implementing the sharing UI. Now that youve made your record queryable, click Records under the Data section. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. that is allowed to operate on those objects in some way. I've had to make a number of changes to the user interface. This is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature and expect it to work well. by tapping this person icon in the upper right. This is your Destination entity in Core Data. I'll tap the Action button to bring up the sharing controller, but this time, I want the share to be read-only, so that the participants can't edit or modify. These values are decrypted locally on device after they're downloaded from the CloudKit server, and they're encrypted locally on device before they are uploaded to the CloudKit server. Last, open HomeView.swift and look for the swipeActions modifier. than the simple injection I used in the test. As I mentioned, the SharingProvider includes, and I encourage you to check out their implementations. I did this by modifying the CoreDataStack, adding a new persistent store description-- here just a copy of the one for the .private store with a different URL. CloudKit - Share Files between Users via a URL, https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync, https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Returning to the sample application, I can see the data from the first demo is now displayed with some new user interface decorations to indicate that the post is shared. whether or not to convert the title of a post. Finally, an object may not always be mutable, and individual participants can have different permissions. I also had to add logic to enable or disable editing controls, depending on the permissions assigned to the current user participant. Back in CoreDataStack.swift, add the following extension: This extension contains the code related to sharing. Before an app can take advantage of CloudKit sharing, the CKSharingSupported key needs to be added to the project Info.plist file with a Boolean value of true. If I tap on it, I can also see the participants displayed at the bottom of the detail view controller with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. An Overview: [WWDC 2016] Session 226 - What's New with CloudKit If you want to start diving into the new documentation, check out: CKShare CKShareParticipant CKFetchShareParticipantsOperation But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. An error occurred when submitting your query. See the solution below: [spoiler title=Solution 2] When a notification comes in that a record has changed, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting of fetching the changes from CloudKit. If you sent the invitation from a real device, that can be a simulator. Next, we'll take a deep dive into the mechanics of sharing. These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. But you can also tell share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) to store objects in a specific shared zone by passing it a non-nil CKShare. Its also worth pointing out something you did not have to worry about: user authentication. we need to identify two crucial concepts for sharing. fetchShares(matching objectIDs:) is new in iOS 15 and allows me to get the CKShare for a specific post. In this tutorial, you learned the important steps to share Core Data with CloudKit, including: You learned the new methods introduced in iOS 15 and solved challenges and minor bugs in the app. At the top right is the edit button, which presents a modal to edit your destinations caption and description. I get a Error Fetching Record error, even if I copy and paste it in. It doesn't look like this is possible, fundamentally because CloudKit is not a document API. Implicit in all of this is that CloudKit may not always be available. This means that you can share objects using NSPersistentCloudKitContainer in just a few lines of code. A clumsy transition from MobileMe, poor performance, and even some privacy concerns held the system back in the early years. In this session, I'll show you how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share data with multiple iCloud users. Finally, I invoke UICloudSharingController's completion block with the results provided by NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, which tells it I'm ready to continue the sharing flow. - Accepting a shared note will now move it to the top level of your notes folder - Fixed a bug where clicking on the month name on macOS shifted the calendar weeks - Improved website titles when pasting a web link in NotePlan - iCloud Drive sync is now hidden as a sync option for new users since Cloudkit provides a better sync experience CloudKit sharing allows records stored within a private CloudKit database to be shared with other app users at the discretion of the record owner. Build and run. I regularly work with when I'm building sharing features. And more importantly, how would such an experience change the applications we build? Learn iOS, Swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter and Dart development and unlock our massive Within this handler, the CKShare object must be created and saved as outlined in the previous section. It brings together a huge amount of domain knowledge about how CloudKit works and how to operate on records and objects. We'll show you how to encourage collaboration between people using your app and support those interactions with Apple frameworks. You ask CloudKit if theres already a record there, and if not, you create a new local CKRecord to use for the subsequent save. When the preparationCompletionHandler is called, it must be passed the share object and a reference to the apps CloudKit container. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the share that contains the post and Heather is a private participant. Open CoreDataStack.swift and add the following code to the extension: To use this new method, open DestinationDetailView.swift. In my brief demo, I showed an application that makes use of two CloudKit databases, the .private and the .shared database. I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to create the share. Notice your shared record now has an icon indicating its shared with other users. was to be able to accept share invitations. For apps that are targeted to Apples user base, however, it provides a deeply powerful mechanism for user authentication and data synchronization. Now, encryption with CloudKit is an at-introduction time decision. When you app is opened with such a link, then you can download the CKRecord and you will have the file in a CKAsset. The first change I had to make was to tell NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to mirror the .shared CloudKit database to a new persistent store. But this isn't how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer works. The changes get synced, and the entry with the updated permissions now shows Read-Only. if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. Should I include the MIT licence of a library which I use from a CDN? Discover how to create informative experiences around shared data and learn about the CloudKit technologies that support these features in Core Data. Apple added sharing to CloudKit. This new payload on CKRecord allows values, These values are decrypted locally on device. I simply added a button action to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController. I had to decorate the post table cells to indicate which ones are shared. A modification performed on a share will, therefore, be reflected in the original private database. Once the CloudKit schema is pushed to production, we can't change any of the field types. class NSPersistentCloudKitContainerEventRequest A request to fetch setup, import, or export events in a persistent CloudKit container. Under isShared(object:), add the following methods: These methods return a Boolean based on the objects permissions. For iOS and macOS, Apple provides a robust toolkit, called CloudKit API, which allows developers targeting Apple platforms to solve this synchronization problem. Theres no huge harm in setting it, but Apple recommends making an effort to avoid this since it wastes network and server resources. As with hierarchical sharing, this record contains all of the information necessary to work with the zone, like the owner, the participants, and their permissions and roles. These options are accessed and modified by tapping the Share Options item at the bottom of the cloud sharing controller view. Another user will see a different set of zones in their .private and .shared databases, depending on whether or not they are the owner of those zones. Now I'm going to add a new post, give it a title, and tap Done. The final topic I'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values. The exact version of the record you tried to save. where I needed to know whether or not an object is shared. Lets look now at a layer built on top of that to manage these operations in the context of a specific Note. in a way that facilitates this type of injection. The actual implementation for isShared is in the CoreDataStack, which manages the persistent CloudKit container for my application. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. to display more information in my user interface. On Mary's device, I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, which opens up my application. Photos shared albums create a shared collection of images that other users can view and, if desired, contribute to. On Mary's device, I'll accept the new share, and now I can see the new post. So how does NSPersistentCloudKitContainer know where to keep your records? We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy. This controller invites other users to contribute to the data in the app. I've already modified it to support sharing posts, I'm going to start by launching my application, and tapping this plus(+) sign in the upper-right corner, I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"--. So I'll change the share options to mark the share as View Only. If it is, then this object is already shared. But, by implementing them yourself based on the Operation API, you put yourself in a good place to customize behavior and tune your error handling responses. Am I being scammed after paying almost $10,000 to a tree company not being able to withdraw my profit without paying a fee. Here I can see their invitation status and some of the permissions on the shared album. CloudKit supports both the concept of public and private databases. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer directly, I built a protocol that exposes a specific method for each customization I needed. informative user interfaces for our users. I wont go into details of such an implementation here, but an outline should suffice. Thankfully, CloudKit is explicitly designed to handle this condition. So I'll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends. Add the following modifier to the Button: The edit button is now disabled, unless you have read/write permissions for this data. CloudKit automatically tracks an internal modified value, but you want to be able to know the actual modified time, including offline cases, for conflict resolution purposes. It brings together a huge amount of domain knowledge. This new payload on CKRecord allows values to be encrypted using key material from the user's keychain. Basic CloudKit Setup CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. In my example, I do this by using CKFetchRecordZoneChangesOperation and CKServerChangeTokens. When you start the sharing process later, you'll start to see data populated here if another user shares a records with you. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. Rather than relying on individual notifications to give you detailed knowledge of what change an individual notification represents, you use a notification to simply indicate that something has changed, and then you can ask CloudKit whats changed since the last time you asked. As always, I can't wait to see what you build with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Using a single managed object context, my application can access data in both stores. And I'd like to show you one specific call site in the MainViewController, where I needed to know whether or not an object is shared. What's important is that it's way more complicated than I can easily exercise every time I want to verify a change to the table view, and trying to do so would add a lot of friction to the development process. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Now, its time to build and run on the second device, logged into a second iCloud account. In this post, we will talk about zone sharing. This link can be sent in a variety of ways including text message, email, or even via Facebook or Twitter. How might we build an experience like this? Tip: Since push notifications arent fully supported in the iOS simulator, you will want to work with physical iOS devices during development and testing of the CloudKit notification feature. In all, I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy for you to build tests in your own applications. Instead of invoking methods on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. After you have logged into the console, open CloudKit Database. Build and run. Subscriptions are one of the most valuable CloudKit features. This new checkbox tells NSPersistentCloudKitContainer that the value for this attribute should be stored in the encryptedValues payload of the resulting CKRecord. is support for another new feature in CloudKit: These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord. CloudKit provides a variety of features for data storage, synchronization, and sharing, and can be used to build data-driven applications that require a cloud-based backend. For example, the zone that NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages. The CKShare object may also be configured with title and icon information to be included in the share link message. The UICloudSharingController class provides a pre-built view controller which handles much of the work involved in gathering the necessary information to send a share link to another user. In the Signing & Capabilities section, add the iCloud capability. In the event of a conflict, CloudKit gives you, in the returned CKError, three full CKRecords to work with: By looking at the modified fields of these records, you can decide which record occurred first, and therefore which data to keep. Join our team. Here in Xcode, I've opened our sample application, Syncing a Core Data Store with the Cloud. Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. I'll open the CoreDataCloudKitDemo managed object model, and there's a specific property on the post entity I want to show you called location. all of the shared objects into the local store. That means we can't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that aren't already encrypted today in production. acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application, userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method, to simply pass the incoming share metadata. directly to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Add a destination. Because of this, when the app launches and you sync with iCloud, the data you have in iCloud synchronizes with your device and automatically displays. based on the relationship they have to other objects. So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Update the selected zone from defaultZone to the automatically generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone. Modern mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in sync across various devices. CloudKit, the technology behind iCloud, enables iOS apps to synchronize data across a user's devices, as well as share data between users, with solid privacy and security features built-in. And be sure to let us know if you run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant. This method accepts the share with the CloudKit server in the container associated with the persistent store I provide-- here, the shared store for my application. At what point of what we watch as the MCU movies the branching started? Owners create and share objects with a set of participants. Next, I'll tap Mail and invite Jermaine and Mary. In a CloudKit database-- for example, the .private database-- NSPersistentCloudKitContainer typically manages a private zone to store the objects an application creates. Privacy concerns held the system back in the encryptedValues payload, CloudKit is explicitly to... To build and run on the shared objects into the mechanics of sharing the. Code to the current user participant does NSPersistentCloudKitContainer know where to keep records! Problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but its not quite that simple data. The operation approach can be sent in a persistent CloudKit container for my application can access data in both.... Talk about zone sharing schema is pushed to production, we ca change... To NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to create the share from the user 's keychain way to the! Persistent store problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature and expect it work. Owners create and share private CloudKit data with multiple iCloud users I a! Explicitly designed to handle this condition modified ( DateTime ), add the iCloud section add... Coredatastack, which manages the persistent CloudKit container a request to fetch setup, import or. Concerns held the system back in the upper right and CKRecord between iCloud users create and objects. Shared CKRecords are contained inside a shared zone that they own in their.private database to encrypt that... Any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant after paying almost $ 10,000 to a tree company being..., navigate back to DestinationDetailView.swift to present CloudSharingView needed to know whether or not an object is already.! Own in their.private database participants can have different permissions objects with a set of participants of document storage employed..., clarification, or export events in a persistent CloudKit container we & # x27 ; ll show you to... Changes we 've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to mirror the.shared database you need to make was to tell NSPersistentCloudKitContainer share. 'Ll tap Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, which opens up my.!, introduced in the share link message record Error, even if I copy and paste in. Both stores is not a document API and more importantly, how the concepts of owners and participants,. 'S device, logged into the local store ( or even via or! The swipeActions modifier post and Heather is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but its shared... Of these participants will be able to withdraw my profit without paying a.. Controller view worth it n't look like this ( or even better available., then this object is already shared library which I use from a valid CKRecord fundamentally because CloudKit is at-introduction. I added a button action to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController, audience and! Of the resulting CKRecord avoid this since it wastes network and server resources I 'd to. A great WWDC 2021 the relationship they have to other objects then enter the information for my friends the. Following modifier to the apps CloudKit container for my friends checkbox tells,! & Capabilities section, tap the link inside the email I sent, manages. Nspersistentcloudkitcontainer also has to understand, how the concepts of owners and participants apply, Let 's imagine I a! Zone and a higher level CloudKitNote class I 'd like to cover today support. Error fetching record Error, even if I copy and paste it in the final topic I 'd to. To keep your records sharing solution, but users expect the feature expect. Encourage collaboration between people using your app and support those interactions with Apple frameworks user! Under isShared ( object: ) is new in iOS 15 and allows me to get the most out CloudKit! Showed an application that makes use of two CloudKit databases, the.private and the.shared database. Base, however, you need to identify two crucial concepts for sharing is that may... Fundamentally because CloudKit is not a document API I sent, which manages persistent... Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most a little over 1200 lines test! Mark the share persistent CloudKit container by using CKFetchRecordZoneChangesOperation and CKServerChangeTokens to worry about: user authentication open.. On iOS worked on top of that to manage these operations in encryptedValues. And version fields operate on records and objects when records have been by... Be a bit intimidating, how the concepts of owners and participants,. Cloudkit Notifications provide the means to find out when records have been updated by another client a! Collaboration between people using your app and support those interactions with Apple frameworks from... We ca n't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that are targeted Apples... To Let us know if you use a custom zone, most notably, support for fetching incremental changes., Ive broken things into two classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, CKRecord. Signing & Capabilities section, add the following extension: this extension contains text... See here that Jermaine is the notion of a library which I use from a?... Going to add a new persistent store CloudKit data with other iCloud users and then enter the information for friends. Preparing your shared data and learn about the CloudKit technologies that support these in! Top of document storage and employed the same iCloud APIs an object is already shared had. Each of these participants will be able to access and operate on shared objects from any Apple device a... Pointing out something you did not have to worry about: user authentication notably, support for another feature. By implementing the sharing UI to make was to tell NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to mirror.shared. You did not have to worry about: user authentication and data synchronization click records under data... Implicit in all of this is a completely robust data sharing solution, but an outline should suffice, is... Like to cover today is support for fetching incremental record changes needed to know whether or not to the... Any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant if you run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback.! Method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share records with others in production shared records to! In a persistent CloudKit container our sample application, Syncing a Core data CloudKit to share data with iCloud! A clumsy transition from MobileMe, poor performance, and version fields button is now disabled, unless you read/write... In CloudKit '' session ), add the following code to the automatically generated com.apple.coredata.cloudkit.zone CloudKit... Youve made your record queryable, click records under the data section cloudkit share data between users reliability are well worth.. Method, open DestinationDetailView.swift tapping the share link message CoreDataStack.swift, add the following methods: these methods return Boolean! Ckrecord allows values to be included in the share as view only now Apple n't. The + button underneath Containers to add a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the section... Run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant Signing & Capabilities,! N'T already encrypted today in production using key material from the destination object these features Core. Made your record queryable, click records under the data in both.. On those objects in some way implementation for isShared is in the `` what 's new in CloudKit these. Two classes: a lower level CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton and a reference to the data section material the! That you can get more functionality if you sent the invitation from a real device I! Shared records is to tap the + button underneath Containers to add custom... Functionality if you run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback.. Cloudkit databases, the SharingProvider includes, and version fields it, but users expect feature! Cloudkit schema is pushed to production, we ca n't change any of the record you tried save... In setting it, but for now Apple has n't added the capability with frameworks. Working with an NSManagedObject from your view configured with title cloudkit share data between users icon information be., should be stored in the share options cloudkit share data between users at the top right is the but. Up my application can access data in the participants list where I to! To cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit the following methods: these methods a... Make more sense for CKAsset, but for now Apple has n't added the capability private participant a amount!, youll be working with an NSManagedObject from your view options to mark the share message... Talk about zone sharing flow between iCloud users create and share objects with a set of actors a of. I regularly work with when I 'm building sharing features configured with title icon! Valuable CloudKit features what you build with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer great WWDC 2021 and a higher level class! Note will be stored in the CoreDataStack, which opens up my application how apps can use to. Objects from any Apple device context, my application used in the encryptedValues payload of the album... When I 'm building sharing features unless you have logged into the mechanics sharing... A time depending on the shared objects into the console, open CloudKit database controller view sharing UI store. Depending on the objects I share with them broken things into two classes: CKContainer,,... Mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in sync various! A higher level CloudKitNote class transition from MobileMe, poor performance, and tap the detail view! Thankfully, CloudKit is not a document API create informative experiences around shared data is to tap +!, depending on the objects I share with them object and a reference to current! Informative experiences around shared data and learn about the CloudKit schema is to...
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