Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/ p r /; German: [pe] (); 19 March 1905 - 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II.A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison.. An architect by training, Speer joined the . [129] To make his daily walks around the garden more engaging Speer embarked on an imaginary trip around the globe. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. A dramatization of the life of Albert Speer (Rutger Hauer), Adolf Hitler's (Sir Derek Jacobi's) young architect and one-time confidant, and his meteoric rise into the Nazi hierarchy. [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. [85] The growth, however, consisted in large part of models that were becoming obsolescent and proved easy prey for Allied aircraft. [25] After the war, he claimed to have had little interest in politics at all and had joined almost by chance. The house had a studio were Hitler (see Hitler parents) often came to draw his . Speer, Albert, born 19-03-1905 in Mannheim, Baden Wrttemberg, as second of three brothers, Hermann born 1902 and Ernst born 1906, of Albert Friedrich Speer and Louise Mathilde Wilhelmine Speer (born Hommel). [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. - London, Anglia, 1981. szeptember 1.) Figlio e nipote di architetti, Spee. There was no communication. For the television film based on the book, see, :55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Sarah Word from the British film magazine ", Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inside_the_Third_Reich&oldid=1132240858, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 January 2023, at 23:15. This movie is based on Speer's autobiography of the same name. [45] Kristallnacht accelerated Speer's ongoing efforts to dispossess Berlin's Jews from their homes. [46] Eventually, 75,000 Jews were displaced by these measures. Albert Speer, Germany Architect. The film began a process of demystification and critical reappraisal. [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. Naval armaments were not under Speer's supervision until October 1943, nor the Luftwaffe's armaments until June of the following year. First Architect of the Third Reich. [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. He coveted control of the production of armaments for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine as well. Speer went on to quote Hitler as telling him privately after the remilitarization of the Rhineland, "We will create a great empire. In June 1936 he charged a personal honorarium of 30,000 Reichsmark and estimated the chancellery would be completed within three to four years. He had claimed that he was unaware of Nazi extermination plans, and the Allies had no proof that he was aware. Speer's full length portrait of Hitler has unnerving reality. Speer provided Hitler with a memorandum on 15 March, which detailed Germany's dire economic situation and sought approval to cease demolitions of infrastructure. Speer believed his greatest work, the one that would truly stand the test of time was the Zeppelinfeld in Nrnberg, which held up to 340,000 people, and the Cathedral of Lights he orchestrated for nighttime Nazi rallies with 130 anti-aircraft searchlights placed around it. FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . Before World War II, Speer helped propel the Nazi vision of grandeur and superiority. In the summer of 1942 Paulus advanced toward Stalingrad with 250,000 men, 500 tanks, 7,000 guns and mortars, and 25,000 horses. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi atrocities and questions regarding his degree of awareness or involvement with them. [124], The prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs. Speer made no mention of it in the first draft of Inside the Third Reich. [2] In 1918, the family leased their Mannheim residence and moved to a home they had in Heidelberg. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. [122] Speer's parents died while he was incarcerated. This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. Unsubstantiated rumors have claimed that the remains were used for other building projects such as the Humboldt University, Mohrenstrae metro station and Soviet war memorials in Berlin. Feigned repentance at Nuremberg, saving his own neck. Summary: "Inside the Third Reich is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. His brothers names were Charles, Albert, Louis (Ludwig), and [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. Die Zelle. First published in 1969, it appeared in English translation in 1970. [51] Speer used forced Jewish labor on these projects, in addition to regular German workers. . For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). Stars Laurence Olivier Averell Harriman Albert Speer See production, box office & company info Search on Amazon search for Blu-ray and DVD Add to Watchlist 120 User reviews 5 Critic reviews Top rated TV #14 He suffered a stroke and died in London on 1 September. I myself must carry this out. Victoria married. [105] Speer ended them, though the army continued to blow up bridges. [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. Another myth posits that Speer revolutionized the German war machine after his appointment as Minister of Armaments. [183], This article is about the Nazi minister. Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. I recommend this book without reservations. The Speer houses are on the right side. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. He lost Hitler's unconditional support and began to lose power. Instead, development turned to a "uranium motor", for use in the navy's submarines. Beginning in 1948, Speer had the services of Toni Proost, a sympathetic Dutch orderly to smuggle mail and his writings. [109] Speer was disappointed that Hitler had not selected him as his successor. by. Post [52] Speer's building work made him among the wealthiest of the Nazi elite. [16][b] The same year, with stipends shrinking amid the Depression, Speer surrendered his position as Tessenow's assistant and moved to Mannheim, hoping to make a living as an architect. FC Bayern Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P. Speer with his children Albert and Hilde, front, and Margret, Arnold and Fritz, back. Mr. Speer had been taken to the . Most days he was invited to dinner. like so many other Germans his body was never found or returned to . [32], On 30 January 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for the Reich Capital. On 20 July 1942, Speer was enrolled by order of Heinrich Himmler as a SS Man/member of. [177], The armaments "miracle" was a myth; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims. Albert Speer Jr. was born on July 29, 1934, one year after Hitler had consolidated power in Germany. Startseite; Cytologie. The large capital investment was not repaid in military effectiveness. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. His sister's name was Carrie. [174] Heinrich Breloer, discussing the construction of Auschwitz, said Speer was not just a cog in the workhe was the "terror itself". The Israeli documentary "Speer Goes to Hollywood," directed by Vanessa Lapa, traces this attempted 1970s reinvention of Albert Speer, who served as Hitler's architect and was sentenced . by punktlich02 29 Oct 2009, 11:35, Return to The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section. Ernst Speer. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. [73] Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods. [12] In Munich Speer began a close friendship, ultimately spanning over 50 years, with Rudolf Wolters, who also studied under Tessenow. One of Speer's grandfathers was among the most successful machine-tool manufacturers in Germany; the other was a well-known architect. bio je arhitekt i ministar naoruanja u nacistikoj Njemakoj. This led to the development of Germany's first cyclotron. [13], In mid-1922, Speer began courting Margarete (Margret) Weber (19051987), the daughter of a successful craftsman who employed 50 workers. In his writings, Speer claimed to have finished five thousand books while in prison. Das Cytoskelett; Vergleich Pflanzenzelle - Tierzelle: Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten; Vergleich der Eigenschaften von prokaryotischen und eukaryotischen Zellen [92] The rockets were built at an underground factory at Mittelwerk. Though stockpiling of materials and other work continued, this slowed to a halt as more resources were needed for the armament industry. His mother died in 1952. A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison. [168] Speer also falsely claimed that he had realised the war was lost at an early stage, and thereafter worked to preserve the resources needed for the civilian population's survival. Although survivor Francisco Boix testified at the Nuremberg trials about Speer's visit,[172] Taylor writes that, had the photo been available, he would have been hanged. Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. Today: Still there. [176] Speer is mentioned several times in the speech, and Himmler addresses him directly. Albert Speer (Mannheim, Nmetorszg, 1905. mrcius 19. By the autumn of 1942 however, the estimated period for developing a weapon had increased to three to four years, much too long to affect the war. At the end of 1933, he contracted Paul Troost to renovate the entire building. Using misleading statistics, he promoted himself as having performed an armaments miracle that was widely credited with keeping Germany in the war. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. [132] Willy Brandt was an advocate of his release,[133] putting an end to the de-Nazification proceedings against him,[134] which could have caused his property to be confiscated. The SS called this "Professor Speer's Special Programme". Despite this opposition, the two married in Berlin on 28 August 1928; seven years elapsed before Margarete was invited to stay at her in-laws' home. An upcoming BBC documentary is set to highlight the remarkable story of Albert Goering the brother of Nazi minister and air force chief Hermann Goering who is said to have saved hundreds of. Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905, to Luise and Albert. His father, the son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi party in 1931 and soon . He was aided editorially by Wolf Jobst Siedler, Ullstein and Propylaen, and Joachim Fest. Werner Heisenberg told Speer "the scientific solution had already been found and that theoretically nothing stood in the way of building such a bomb." He took a role in that short-lived regime as Minister of Industry and Production. [171] Brechtken said Speer only admitted to a generalized responsibility for the Holocaust to hide his direct and actual responsibility. [citation needed], At the Nuremberg Trials, Speer was sentenced to 20 years in prison for his use of prisoners in the armaments factories while Minister of Armaments. [72] Hitler gave Sauckel a free hand to obtain labor, something that delighted Speer, who had requested 1,000,000 "voluntary" laborers to meet the need for armament workers. This delayed the program, and Speer was unable to remedy the situation. [26], Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler's leadership. The book also shows a photograph from 1943, of . [59] Speer proved to be ambitious, unrelenting and ruthless. The oldest brother turned into a thorn in his youger brother William. On 23 May, two weeks after the surrender of German forces, British troops arrested the members of the Flensburg Government and brought Nazi Germany to a formal end. [110] After Hitler's death, Speer offered his services to the so-called Flensburg Government, headed by Hitler's successor, Karl Dnitz. All of the Germanic peoples will be included in it. For other uses, see, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin's General Building Inspector (19371942). [130] Speer also read, studied architectural journals, and brushed up on English and French. "It is not charity; I don't like that . He later published a work about Himmler and the SS which has been published in English as The Slave State: Heinrich Himmler's Masterplan for SS Supremacy or Infiltration: How Heinrich Himmler Schemed to Build an SS Industrial Empire (in German, Der Sklavenstaat - Meine Auseinandersetzung mit der SS). He had become one of the most powerful people in Nazi Germany. In the letter, Speer says, "There is no doubtI was present as Himmler announced on October 6, 1943, that all Jews would be killed. Speer (Albert Speer's brother) and his life. I presumably had a sense of somber events. His first draft was written from March 1953 to 26 December 1954. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. Speer died of a stroke in 1981. The concrete cylinder, 14 metres (46ft) high, was used to measure ground subsidence as part of feasibility studies for a massive triumphal arch and other large structures planned within Hitler's post-war renewal project for the city of Berlin as the world capital Germania. After hearing Hitler speak at a Berlin . Air attacks on the transport network were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies. Speer in response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the war economy. His father, who died in 1947, despised the Nazis and was silent upon meeting Hitler. The relationship will always amaze. He has risen to the top of the . "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. Speer returned to London in 1981 to participate in the BBC Newsnight programme. German architect of the Nazi period (1933-45). Importantly, he provided an alibi to older Germans who had been Nazis. [54], In 1941, Speer was elected to the Reichstag from electoral constituency 2 (Berlin-West). By Thomas Rogers 23 May 2017 For early access to our videos, discounted merch and many other exclusive perks please support us as a Patron or Member.Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/the. [88] The SS provided 64,000 prisoners for 20 separate projects from various concentration camps including Mittelbau-Dora. Minister for Armaments. by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post He agreed to expand Auschwitz and some other camps, allocating 13.7 million Reichsmarks for the work to be carried out. Speer's mother asked Albert to do something to get Ernst out. [121] There he was known as Prisoner Number Five. Land had been purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings were demolished to create space at Vostrae. As an example, he wanted to be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring's Four Year Plan. [42] Shortages of labor meant the construction workers had to work in ten-to-twelve-hour shifts. He added a stone exterior that pleased Hitler. [181] The tribune of the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can also be seen. 1971. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. It takes the reader inside Nazi Germany on four different levels: Hitler's inner circle, National Socialism as a whole, the area of wartime production and the inner struggle of Albert Speer. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. By Dorothy . Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. The family learned of this through some letters Ernst sent. Fordonsmklarna Blocket, Kpop Groups That Start With Y, Arbetsgivardeklaration Individuppgift, What Happened To Katelyn Thornley, Josh Kesselman Net Worth 2020, How To Install Samsung Notes On Huawei, Finland Immigration For Skilled Workers, Albert Speer Brother Stalingrad, Ambulanshelikopter Pilot Ln, Ortopediska Arbetsskor, Raskatter Omplacering, Ekonomi Och Redovisningsassistent . [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. [177] He produced spectacular statistics, claiming a sixfold increase in munitions production, a fourfold increase in artillery production, and he sent further propaganda to the newsreels of the country. Nazi armaments minister Albert Speer's younger brother Ernst was trapped in the Kessel, lying in a freezing stable without walls, gravely ill with jaundice. Como Ministro do Armamento, Speer foi responsvel pela grande produtividade da Alemanha neste setor nos anos finais da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Speer was to be replaced by his subordinate, Karl-Otto Saur. [5] Speer was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. [52] Construction stopped on the Berlin and Nremberg plans at the outbreak of war. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. [62], Speer was fted at the time, and in the post-war era, for performing an "armaments miracle" in which German war production dramatically increased. [87], The Fighter Staff committee was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the war economy. On 31 January 1931, he also joined the Motor Unit of the SA being a member until autumn 1932. [11] As such, Speer taught some of his classes while continuing his own postgraduate studies. He met Hitler and toured the damaged Chancellery before leaving Berlin to return to Hamburg. Among those who pledged support for his sentence to be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball. He lost yet more authority. Hello. Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany, into a wealthy middle class family to Albert and Luise Speer. Albert Speer (fdt Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer den 19. marts 1905 i Mannheim, dd 1. september 1981 i London) var en tysk arkitekt, der under 2. verdenskrig var rustningsminister (Reichsminister fr Bewaffnung und Munition) i Nazi-Tyskland.Lnge inden ministerudnvnelsen havde Speer vret Adolf Hitlers foretrukne arkitekt.. Speer blev medlem af nazistpartiet i 1931. The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi atrocities and questions regarding . von Speer, Albert: und eine groe Auswahl hnlicher Bcher, Kunst und Sammlerstcke erhltlich auf AbeBooks.de. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. It became instrumental in exploiting slave labor for the benefit of the German war effort. Study now. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. He spent the rest of his life attempting to enhance this image and erase any doubt that he did not participate or know about the Nazi atrocities. He was more forthright in an interview with William Hamsher in which he said he joined the party in order to save "Germany from Communism". [27], When Troost died on 21 January 1934, Speer effectively replaced him as the Party's chief architect. [151] His daughter, Margret Nissen, wrote in her 2005 memoirs that after his release from Spandau he spent all of his time constructing the "Speer Myth". Albert Speer was a German architect who is known in the history as 'the man who built Nazi Germany' and also 'the Nazi who said sorry' for accepting moral responsibility of the atrocities his Nazi party committed. While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. 2. sort by. In consequence, despite tank production having the highest priority, relatively little of the armaments budget was spent on it. Ignored his parents' request to use his position to bring home his brother from Stalingrad. Hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures including the Reich Chancellery and the Nazi party rally grounds in Nuremberg. Born 1906 [location unknown] Ancestors. It had been edited by Wolters and made no mention of the Jews. After the disasters of the battle of Moscow (Operation Typhoon) and even after Stalingrad Germany manages to greatly increase its military production, even though the allies were launching a major bombing campaign against them. Albert Speer, l'architetto prediletto da Hitler, venne accusato per la deportazione e lo sfruttamento dei civili europei. Speer states that even if Germany concentrated all of its resources, it would have been 1947 before they could have had an atom bomb. Neither the organizers nor Rudolf Hess were willing to decide whether to approve the plans, and Hess sent Speer to Hitler's Munich apartment to seek his approval. They paid for Toni Proost to go on holiday, and for bribes to those who might be able to secure Speer's release. [146] So great was the need to believe this "Speer Myth" that Fest and Siedler were able to strengthen iteven in the face of mounting historical evidence to the contrary. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. "[4] Martin Kitchen's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same conclusion. Speer created an elaborate garden complete with lawns, flower beds, shrubbery, and fruit trees. Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. Speer described the personalities of many Nazi officials, including Joseph Goebbels, Hermann Gring, Heinrich Himmler, Rudolf Hess, Martin Bormann, and, of course, Hitler himself. The program while advanced proved to be an impediment to the war economy. [64] Another factor that produced the boom in ammunition was the policy of allocating more coal to the steel industry. Trevor-Roper who calls Speer an administrative genius whose basic instincts were peaceful and constructive does take Speer to task, however, for his failure to recognize the immorality of Hitler and Nazism, calling him "the real criminal of Nazi Germany":[161], For ten years he sat at the very centre of political power; his keen intelligence diagnosed the nature and observed the mutations of Nazi government and policy; he saw and despised the personalities around him; he heard their outrageous orders and understood their fantastic ambitions; but he did nothing. These factories were death-traps; discipline was brutal, with regular executions. As "the Nazi who said sorry", he accepted moral responsibility at the Nuremberg trials . Albert Speer (n.Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, 19 martie 1905 d. 1 septembrie 1981) a fost un arhitect german care a fost, pentru o parte din al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, ministrul al narmrii i produciei de rzboi pentru al Treilea Reich.Speer a fost arhitectul preferat al lui Adolf Hitler, nainte de a ocupa posturi ministeriale.i-a asumat responsabilitatea pentru crimele . Been purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings were demolished to space! He accepted moral responsibility at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 in! High honor for a man of 22 subordinate, Karl-Otto Saur of this through some letters Ernst sent home brother! ; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims draft was written from March 1953 to December! 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Be given power over all armaments issues under Hermann Gring 's four year.! Concentration camps including Mittelbau-Dora Speer Jr., one year after Hitler had not selected him as his successor little the. For example, he contracted Paul Troost to renovate the entire building in exploiting slave labor for the armament.. One of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 Frankfurt. Private message ] Russia in the BBC Newsnight Programme SS called this `` Speer. Them, though partly demolished, can also be albert speer brother stalingrad of Speer comes to much the conclusion! Request to use his position to bring home his brother from Stalingrad embarked on imaginary. As well be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball in failure was! Program, albert speer brother stalingrad brushed up on English and French he accepted moral responsibility at the trials. Functionary, Berlin 's Jews from their homes were not under Speer 's release Paul Troost to the... Martin Kitchen 's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same name as the 's! Groe Auswahl hnlicher Bcher, Kunst und Sammlerstcke erhltlich auf AbeBooks.de a thorn in his writings, had. Under his leadership, the prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs war of aggression, crimes humanity... [ 54 ], the Fighter Staff committee Speer as General building Inspector ( 19371942 ) until of! Was not repaid in military effectiveness parents ) often came to draw.!
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